[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.libive.cz\/ma-pocitac-mysl-ci-nikoliv-aneb-kdyz-velci-muzi-premysli\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.libive.cz\/ma-pocitac-mysl-ci-nikoliv-aneb-kdyz-velci-muzi-premysli\/","headline":"M\u00e1 po\u010d\u00edta\u010d mysl \u010di nikoliv, aneb kdy\u017e velc\u00ed mu\u017ei p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed","name":"M\u00e1 po\u010d\u00edta\u010d mysl \u010di nikoliv, aneb kdy\u017e velc\u00ed mu\u017ei p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed","description":"JOHN SEARLE V\u00a0n\u011bkolika sv\u00fdch tez\u00edch ztoto\u017e\u0148uje lidskou mysl k\u00a0softwaru (po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9mu programu) a k\u00a0hardwaru (po\u010d\u00edta\u010di) mozek \u010dlov\u011bka. Jeho my\u0161lenky se ub\u00edraj\u00ed k\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee po\u010d\u00edta\u010de nemohou m\u00edt v\u011bdom\u00ed nebo dokonce myslet. Jak dosp\u011bl k\u00a0tomuto z\u00e1v\u011bru? Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, a\u010d m\u00e1 podobn\u00e9 ment\u00e1ln\u00ed stavy jako \u010dlov\u011bk, si nem\u016f\u017ee vysta\u010dit s\u00a0po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdm programem. Pouze lidsk\u00fd mozek m\u00e1 s\u00edlu realizovat...","datePublished":"2025-02-27","dateModified":"2023-04-29","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.libive.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"libive.cz\n","url":"https:\/\/www.libive.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0c4621640b5c0734669aeb181ef77969b528487727344f28e734a206566ea0f1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0c4621640b5c0734669aeb181ef77969b528487727344f28e734a206566ea0f1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"libive.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.libive.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308298_w2125_t1519415803.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.libive.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308298_w2125_t1519415803.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.libive.cz\/ma-pocitac-mysl-ci-nikoliv-aneb-kdyz-velci-muzi-premysli\/","about":["Mu\u017ei"],"wordCount":593,"articleBody":"JOHN SEARLE\t\tV\u00a0n\u011bkolika sv\u00fdch tez\u00edch ztoto\u017e\u0148uje lidskou mysl k\u00a0softwaru (po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9mu programu) a k\u00a0hardwaru (po\u010d\u00edta\u010di) mozek \u010dlov\u011bka.\t\tJeho my\u0161lenky se ub\u00edraj\u00ed k\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee po\u010d\u00edta\u010de nemohou m\u00edt v\u011bdom\u00ed nebo dokonce myslet. Jak dosp\u011bl k\u00a0tomuto z\u00e1v\u011bru?\t\tTvrd\u00ed, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, a\u010d m\u00e1 podobn\u00e9 ment\u00e1ln\u00ed stavy jako \u010dlov\u011bk, si nem\u016f\u017ee vysta\u010dit s\u00a0po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdm programem. Pouze lidsk\u00fd mozek m\u00e1 s\u00edlu realizovat po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fd syst\u00e9m. \t\tNen\u00ed v\u00a0mo\u017enostech po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f d\u00e1t mysl n\u011bjak\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu.\u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd pokoj\t\tPo\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdm expert\u016fm svou teorii p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1 na tzv. paradoxu \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho pokoje. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d nem\u016f\u017ee porozum\u011bt smyslu, jeliko\u017e m\u00e1 k\u00a0dispozici jen form\u00e1ln\u00ed znaky a program jejich pou\u017eit\u00ed stejn\u011b tak jako nem\u016f\u017ee porozum\u011bt cizinec \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm znak\u016fm.\t\tM\u016f\u017ee je sice zn\u00e1t a form\u00e1ln\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat p\u0159i sestavov\u00e1n\u00ed odpov\u011bd\u00ed na ot\u00e1zky, ale nerozum\u00ed v\u00fdznamu. Po\u010d\u00edta\u010d se m\u016f\u017ee pouze nau\u010dit povely a pokyny, kter\u00e9 mu jsou na po\u010d\u00e1tku vlo\u017eeny.\t\tSearle si p\u0159edstavil mu\u017ee sed\u00edc\u00edho v\u00a0uzav\u0159en\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti, kter\u00fd neum\u00ed jedin\u00e9 slovo \u010d\u00ednsky a dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do schr\u00e1nky ot\u00e1zky psan\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdmi znaky. Mu\u017e si vyhled\u00e1 dan\u00e9 znaky v\u00a0tabulk\u00e1ch a vlo\u017e\u00ed do schr\u00e1nky list se znaky, kter\u00e9 podle tabulek znamenaj\u00ed spr\u00e1vnou odpov\u011b\u010f.\t\tTo je v\u00a0podstat\u011b tot\u00e9\u017e, co by d\u011blal po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, kter\u00fd zd\u00e1nliv\u011b \u201eum\u00ed\u201c \u010d\u00ednsky. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u00e9to logiky neum\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsky mu\u017e v\u00a0m\u00edstnosti ani po\u010d\u00edta\u010d. Oba toti\u017e prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b bezmy\u0161lenkovit\u00e9 manipulace se symboly.\t\tSearle v\u00a0uva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak pokra\u010duje d\u00e1le a p\u0159edstavuje si, \u017ee se mu\u017e tabulky nau\u010d\u00ed nazpam\u011b\u0165. Cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m tak bude zvnit\u0159n\u011bn – a on stejn\u011b nebude \u010d\u00ednsky um\u011bt.\u00a0LLEWELLYN FALCO\t\tJe podeps\u00e1n pod projektem Teaching Kids Programming\t\tOdborn\u00edk na vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed a program\u00e1tor vzniku vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch program\u016f, absolutn\u011b souhlas\u00ed, \u017ee jsou po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 hry pro d\u011bt\u00ed vhodn\u00e9.\t\tPokud si s\u00a0nimi nejen u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed (jako nap\u0159. X-Box), ale i vzd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed, jsou o to cenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 hry\t\t\u00a0Pomoc\u00ed nov\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 hry Castle Sieges mohou \u017e\u00e1ci velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem poznat St\u0159edov\u011bk. Tuto unik\u00e1tn\u00ed cestu \u010dasem Karla IV., Zikmunda i dobov\u00e9 Prahy, oble\u010den\u00edm, zbran\u00ed, architektury zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1v\u00e1 Warhorse studio a pod\u00edlej\u00ed se na n\u00ed \u010de\u0161t\u00ed grafici, historikov\u00e9, grafici.\t\tPodle Falca nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 souvislost t\u00edm, \u017ee jsou d\u011bti n\u00e1siln\u00e9, kdy\u017e hraj\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 hry. Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee naopak v\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b jsou lid\u00e9 a d\u011bti obecn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, pouze se o tom v\u00edce mluv\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u011b.\t\tSouhlas\u00ed s\u00a0n\u00e1zory expert\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee pokud se d\u011bti zabav\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00edm ve videohr\u00e1ch, zbyde jim m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasu na to, aby jej provozovali ve skute\u010dnosti.\t\tDo podv\u011bdom\u00ed lid\u00ed se dosta lLlewellyn Falco vznikem webuTeachingKidsProgramming.org.\t\tTen u\u010d\u00ed d\u011bti z\u00e1klad\u016fm programov\u00e1n\u00ed a po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 gramotnosti.\t\tNaopak ale zast\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1zoru, \u017ee jsou d\u011bti dne\u0161n\u00ed doby m\u00e9n\u011b empatick\u00e9 a n\u00e1pomocn\u00e9 druh\u00fdm. A za toto nevin\u00ed videohry, ale internetov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.7\/5 - (12 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"M\u00e1 po\u010d\u00edta\u010d mysl \u010di nikoliv, aneb kdy\u017e velc\u00ed mu\u017ei p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed","item":"https:\/\/www.libive.cz\/ma-pocitac-mysl-ci-nikoliv-aneb-kdyz-velci-muzi-premysli\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]